According to Herzberg, hygiene factors are characterized by which of the following statements?

Hygiene factors, according to Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory, specifically address the context in which work is performed rather than the content of work itself. These factors include elements such as working conditions, salary, company policies, and relationships with others in the workplace.

The correct statement reflects the essence of hygiene factors: they do not directly increase job satisfaction but serve to prevent job dissatisfaction. The presence of adequate hygiene factors can create a neutral environment, where employees feel comfortable and have fewer grievances, but it doesn't lead to heightened motivation or satisfaction. This means that while improving hygiene factors can help an employee feel less unhappy at work, it does not necessarily motivate them to exert greater effort or feel more positive about their job.

In contrast, factors that increase job satisfaction are known as motivators, which can inspire employees and encourage greater performance. Therefore, the focus on the relationship of hygiene factors solely with job dissatisfaction is fundamental to understanding their role in workplace dynamics.